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The dorsal sclerite or tergum of the prothorax of an insect, which in certain groups such as coleopterans (beetles) and orthopterans (crickets, etc.) forms a protective shield over the thorax.
Mid 19th century; earliest use found in William Shuckard (?1803–1868), entomologist. From German Pronotum from pro- + ancient Greek νῶτον.